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Project Management

Plain-language definitions of every Project Management term that shows up in government contracting work.


Project ManagementAAR

After Action Review (AAR)

An After Action Review is a structured retrospective session where teams systematically evaluate what occurred, what worked, what did not, and what should change to improve future performance.

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Project ManagementCONOPS

Concept of Operations (CONOPS)

A Concept of Operations (CONOPS) describes how a proposed system or capability will be employed in an operational environment to accomplish a mission, providing the human-centered requirements context for system development.

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Project ManagementCM

Configuration Management

Configuration Management is the systematic process for controlling changes to a system's functional and physical characteristics throughout its development, production, and operational lifecycle on government contracts.

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Project ManagementCOOP

Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP)

A Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP) documents how an organization will maintain or resume essential functions during and after a disruption such as a natural disaster, cyber attack, or pandemic.

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Project ManagementCAP

Corrective Action Plan (CAP)

A Corrective Action Plan is a documented response to audit findings, contract deficiencies, or performance problems that identifies root causes, remediation steps, responsible owners, and completion timelines.

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Project ManagementCV

Cost Variance

Cost Variance (CV) in Earned Value Management is the difference between the value of work completed and the actual cost incurred, indicating whether a contract is over or under budget.

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Project ManagementEVM

Earned Value Management (EVM)

Earned Value Management is a project management methodology that integrates cost, schedule, and technical scope to objectively measure contract performance and forecast future costs and completion dates.

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Project ManagementETC

Estimate to Complete (ETC)

Estimate to Complete (ETC) is the expected cost to finish remaining contract work from a given reporting date, a critical EVM metric used to project whether a program will stay within its budget.

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Project ManagementIMP

Integrated Master Plan (IMP)

An Integrated Master Plan is an event-driven planning document that defines a program's significant accomplishments, success criteria, and the criteria-based events that govern transition between phases.

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Project ManagementIMS

Integrated Master Schedule (IMS)

An Integrated Master Schedule is a time-phased, resource-loaded network schedule that captures all program tasks, logic dependencies, and critical path relationships for a government contract.

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Project ManagementKPP

Key Performance Parameter (KPP)

A Key Performance Parameter (KPP) is a critical threshold performance requirement for a defense system that must be met for the system to be considered operationally effective and suitable.

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Project ManagementLOE

Level of Effort (LOE)

Level of Effort (LOE) is a contract or work package type defined by the amount of resources applied over time rather than specific deliverables, commonly used for program management and support tasks on government contracts.

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Project ManagementNTE

Not-to-Exceed (NTE)

A Not-to-Exceed (NTE) ceiling is the maximum amount a contractor may bill or spend on a task or contract, establishing a hard financial limit without committing to paying the full amount if actual costs are lower.

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Project ManagementPMB

Performance Measurement Baseline (PMB)

The Performance Measurement Baseline is the time-phased budget against which Earned Value Management performance is measured on a government contract, representing the approved plan for completing all contract work.

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Project ManagementRMF

Risk Management Framework (RMF)

The Risk Management Framework (RMF) is the NIST-based cybersecurity authorization process that federal information systems must complete to receive an Authority to Operate (ATO) for government use.

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Project Management

Risk Management Plan

A Risk Management Plan documents a program's approach to identifying, analyzing, mitigating, and monitoring risks throughout the contract period of performance on government contracts.

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Project ManagementROM

Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM)

A Rough Order of Magnitude (ROM) is a high-level cost estimate with an accuracy range of minus 50% to plus 100%, used for preliminary planning and feasibility assessment before detailed requirements are defined.

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Project ManagementSV

Schedule Variance

Schedule Variance (SV) in Earned Value Management is the difference between the budgeted value of work performed and the budgeted value of work planned, indicating whether a contract is ahead or behind schedule.

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Project ManagementSOP

Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) in government contracting is a documented, step-by-step process that establishes consistent methods for performing recurring tasks in compliance with contract requirements.

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Project ManagementWBS

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

A Work Breakdown Structure is a hierarchical decomposition of a project's total scope into manageable work packages, used in government contracts to organize scheduling, costing, and performance reporting.

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